Voleibol escolar: caracterização das escolas/municípios participantes dos jogos escolares de Santa Catarina / School volleyball: characterization of the schools/municipalities participating in the Santa Catarina school games

RESUMO O ambiente escolar tem contribuído no processo de desenvolvimento esportivo, especialmente pela oferta diversificada de atividades nas aulas de Educação Física e em projetos extracurriculares voltados às modalidades esportivas. O trabalho realizado com as equipes escolares de voleibol no estado de Santa Catarina tem sido altamente reconhecido ao longo dos anos, porém há poucas evidências sobre as escolas que têm contribuído na formação de jogadores de voleibol no cenário catarinense. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar as escolas participantes dos Jogos Escolares de Santa Catarina (JESC) de voleibol. Realizou-se a análise documental dos boletins dos JESC disponibilizados pela Fundação Catarinense de Esporte (FESPORTE). As evidências revelaram que os estabelecimentos de ensino com maiores participações e conquistas, em ambas as categorias investigadas, são escolas de educação básica da rede estadual, seguidas pelas instituições de ensino da rede privada e, em menor número, por escolas municipais. Enquanto na categoria feminina as escolas estão localizadas em sua grande maioria nas regiões Leste-Norte e Sul, na categoria masculina concentram-se na região Centro-oeste, especialmente em cidades de pequeno e médio porte, com elevado Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH).

ABSTRACT The school environment has contributed to the sports development process, especially due to the diversified offer of activities in Physical Education classes and extracurricular projects focused on sports. The work done with school volleyball teams in the state of Santa Catarina has been highly recognized over the years, but there is little evidence about schools that have contributed to the training of volleyball players in the Santa Catarina scenario. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the schools participating in the Jogos Escolares de Santa Catarina (JESC, Santa Catarina School Games) of volleyball. The documentary analysis of the JESC bulletins provided by the Fundação Catarinense de Esporte (FESPORTE, Santa Catarina Sports Foundation) was carried out. The evidence revealed that the educational establishments with the highest participation and achievements in both categories investigated were basic education schools of the state school system, followed by private educational institutions and, to a lesser extent, municipal schools. While in the women's group, the schools were mostly located in the East-North and South regions, in the men's group, they were concentrated in the Midwest region, especially in small and medium-sized cities with high Human Development Indices (HDIs).

Strategies adopted in the defensive return by handball coaches from teams U-12 to U-18

Abstract Aims: to analyze the choices of handball coaches for structuring the defensive return throughout the teaching-learning process (U-12 to U-18 teams). Methods: Nineteen coaches from teams U-12 to U-18 from two leagues in the state of São Paulo were interviewed. The speeches from the semi-structured interviews were analyzed through thematic analysis, which produced two themes and their respective subthemes. Results: Most coaches structure their defensive return and emphasize content to make it difficult for an opponent to counterattack. A higher percentage of directed play was observed in teams U-12 and U-14, which suggests a possible early specialization process. In the U-16 and U-18 teams, higher percentages of free play were observed when compared to the others. In older teams, a higher percentage of directed play would be expected, mainly because these are stages with an increase in player specialization. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the simultaneous training of different teams may be leading to sports specialization procedures in the younger teams and, simultaneously, underestimating the possibilities in the older teams.

What are life skills and how to integrate them within sports in brazil to promote positive youth development? / O que são life skills e como integrá-las no esporte brasileiro para promover o desenvolvimento positivo de jovens?

ABSTRACT Sport has been identified as a favourable tool for promoting positive youth development (PYD). Moreover, the development of life skills is highlighted for supporting youth to thrive in and beyond sport. Due to the limited discussions in Brazil regarding PYD and life skills both in research and in the structuring of sport programs, this paper aims to provide understanding to scholars, coaches, and sport stakeholders on the foundations of PYD and life skills and on how to integrate them within Brazilian sport contexts. Thus, after exploring the foundations and definitions related to PYD and life skills and the approaches to their facilitation in sport, the authors present a proposal based on three principles and five procedures. The principles include: (a) reflect and develop your philosophy, (b) cultivate a positive climate, and (c) develop meaningful relationships with your athletes. Further, the five procedures are: (1) select and discuss the life skill of the day; (2) practice the selected life skill, (3) integrate the life skill during the practice, (4) discuss and reflect on the life skill application and transfer to other contexts, and (5) create opportunities to facilitate life skills transfer. Practical examples are provided throughout the proposal to support coaches in applying these concepts in sport.

RESUMO O esporte tem sido apontado como uma ferramenta valiosa para promover o desenvolvimento positivo de jovens (DPJ). Além disso, o desenvolvimento de life skills destaca-se por auxiliar jovens a ter sucesso dentro e fora do contexto esportivo. Devido as discussões limitadas no Brasil acerca do DPJ e das life skills tanto no âmbito científico quanto na estruturação de programas esportivos, este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo fornecer entendimentos iniciais a acadêmicos, treinadores e gestores esportivos sobre as concepções que sustentam estas temáticas e como integrá-las no esporte brasileiro. Assim, após explorar as concepções e definições acerca do DPJ e das life skills e as abordagens para o desenvolvimento no esporte, os autores apresentam uma proposta baseada em três princípios e cinco procedimentos. Os princípios incluem: (a) reflita e desenvolva sua filosofia; (b) cultive um clima positivo e (c) desenvolva relações significativas com seus atletas. Já os procedimentos são: (1) selecione e discuta a life skill do dia; (2) pratique a life skill selecionada; (3) integre a life skill com as atividades do treino; (4) discuta e reflita a aplicação e transferência da life skill para outros contextos e (5) crie oportunidades para facilitar a transferência da life skill. Exemplos práticos são fornecidos ao longo da proposta para auxiliar treinadores na aplicação ao esporte.

it was competitive, it was very competitive!: memories of performance sports in curitibas private schools (1980-1990) / era competitivo, era muito competitivo!: memórias do esporte escolar de rendimento em escolas particulares de curitiba (1980-1990)

ABSTRACT The present study investigated performance school sports practiced in private schools of Curitiba-PR, between 1980 and 1990, through interviews with coaches, athletes and sports managers who experienced the phenomenon in that period. The research is qualitative, and the investigation method used was pure Thematic Oral History. The analyses allowed observing that a good portion of Curitiba's schools back then had performance sports teams; the context of Curitiba's school sports was a sort of metaphor for professional sports; there was a hegemony of team sports; the women's sport sedimented on the interviewees' memory was gymnastics; teams were highly valued in schools; school teams participated in national and international championships; despite the performance character, there was already a difference from the sports played at clubs; some education institutions partnered with sports clubs.

RESUMO O presente estudo investigou a prática do esporte escolar de rendimento em escolas particulares de Curitiba-PR, entre os anos de 1980 e 1990, por meio de entrevistas com técnicos, atletas e gestores esportivos que vivenciaram o fenômeno no período. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo e o método de investigação utilizado foi a História Oral temática pura. A partir das análises percebeu-se que boa parte das escolas curitibanas da época mantinham equipes esportivas de rendimento; o contexto do esporte escolar curitibano era uma espécie de metáfora do esporte profissional; havia uma hegemonia dos esportes coletivos; o esporte feminino sedimentado na memória dos entrevistados foi a ginástica; as equipes eram muito valorizadas dentro dos colégios; os times escolares participavam de campeonatos nacionais e internacionais; apesar do caráter de rendimento, já existia diferença do esporte praticado em clubes; algumas instituições de ensino faziam parcerias com clubes esportivos.

Tgfu e coordenação motora: os efeitos de um programa de ensino no desempenho tático-técnico no handebol / Tgfu and motor coordination: the effects of a teaching program on tactical-technical performance in handball

RESUMO Objetivou-se categorizar as sessões de aula via TGfU e TGfU+CM para determinar a consistência da aplicação dos conteúdos dos modelos de ensino e analisar o impacto do desempenho tático-técnico de escolares iniciantes da modalidade de handebol, após o programa de ensino. A amostra compôs-se de 43 sujeitos (14,3±0,46), divididos em dois grupos (G1 - TGfU e G2 - TGfU+CM), sendo que ambos receberam unidades didáticas de 20 sessões de aula com a mesma duração. A categorização das aulas trouxe fidedignidade a aplicação dos programas de ensino empregados e, após a intervenção pelo TGfU, apenas o sexo masculino apresentou melhoras em ambos os grupos na performance de jogo, apresentando TE grande para o G2 (0,610) e TE médio para o G1 (0,487). Quanto à análise entre grupos não se encontrou diferença significativamente estatística após a intervenção para nenhuma das variáveis do estudo. Conclui-se, por meio do teste de aderência, que os programas de ensino aplicados aos dois grupos experimentais foram semelhantes, modificando apenas a inserção do conteúdo de coordenação motora para o G2, sendo ambos capazes de proporcionar melhoras significativas para o sexo masculino, considerando o efeito tempo para o desempenho tático-técnico.

ABSTRACT The study was performed aiming to categorize the class sessions through TGfU and TGfU+CM to determine the effectiveness of the teaching models application and analyze the changes on handball students tactical-technical performance after the teaching program. The sample is constituted by 43 subjects (14,3±0,46) separated in two groups (G1 - TGfU e G2 - TGfU+CM), both which received teaching units with 20 class sessions of the same time duration. The categorizing of the classes granted reliability to the teaching programs applied and after the TGfU intervention only male subjects showed better performance during the game in both groups, indicating high Effect Size for group 2 (0,610) and average effect size for group 1 (0,487). Regarding the analysis between groups, there were no statistically significant differences post intervention in any of the study variables. It stands concluded that it was possible to verify, through the adherence test, that the applied teaching programs were similar in both groups, differing only the motor coordination matter input for G2, and that the teaching program was able to cause significant improvement for the male gender subjects considering the time effect for the tactical-technical performance.

Jogos escolares da rede pública do estado da bahia: análise das edições 2009 a 2017 / Bahia state public schools championship: analysis of editions from 2009 to 2017

RESUMO A partir da análise documental de 210 relatórios dos Jogos Escolares da Rede Pública da Bahia (JERP), este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a evolução histórica do JERP de 2009 a 2017, considerando as modalidades comuns e inovadoras ofertadas, número de escolares, número de escolas, número de professores e recursos financeiros descentralizados. Verificamos que as modalidades inovadoras foram numericamente superiores às modalidades comuns e apresentaram maior diversificação das práticas esportivas; o número de escolares, escolas e professores na primeira etapa dos jogos (dentro das escolas) foi superior a terceira etapa (regional), além de aumentar ao longo dos anos em ambas as etapas; e que o valor financeiro descentralizado tendeu a crescer no período histórico analisado. Concluímos que o JERP se apresenta como uma oportunidade dos alunos vivenciarem diferentes modalidades esportivas, entretanto esta oportunidade é ressaltada apenas na primeira etapa. Em relação aos recursos financeiros descentralizados para o JERP, parece não haver planejamento prévio com relação a proporção destes recursos e a proporção de escolares participantes deste programa. Sugerimos maior concentração de recursos em competições locais do que estaduais, uma vez que atendem mais crianças e jovens e favorecem a valorização da diversificação de modalidades e respeito à cultura esportiva local.

ABSTRACT Based on the documentary analysis of 210 reports of the Scholars Games of the Bahia State Public System (JERP), this study aimed to describe the historical evolution of the JERP from 2009 to 2017 considering the common and innovative modalities offered, number of school children, number of schools , number of teachers and decentralized financial resources. It was verified that the innovative modalities were numerically superior to the common modalities and presented a greater diversification of the sports practices; the number of students, schools, and teachers in the games' first stage (inside of the schools) was superior to the third stage (regional), besides increase over the years in both stages; and that the decentralized financial value tended to grow in the historical period analyzed. It is concluded that the JERP presents itself as an opportunity for students to experience different sports modalities, however this opportunity is highlighted only in the first stage. Regarding the decentralized financial resources for the JERP, there seems to be no prior planning regarding the proportion of these resources and the proportion of students participating in this program. We suggest a higher concentration of resources in local rather than state competitions, since the local competitions serve more children and young people and support the modalities diversification and respect to the local sports culture.

Teaching handball to U-16 and U-18 women's teams: coaches' perspective on the long-term

To identify the teaching approaches preferred by Brazilian coaches in the U-16 and U-18 women's teams and whether it is possible to apply long-term goals for handball training. Methods: Six experienced coaches were interviewed individually in a semi-structured format. Data were transcribed and analyzed according to the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) method. Results: Coaches revealed a choice for the situational approach and global-functional approach in U-16 teams. In U-18 teams, coaches' choices were for the technique and situational approaches. The change of coaches' choice might be based on players' specialization, suggested to U-18 teams when coaches highlighted the increased demand for performance. On players' transition from U-16 to U-18 teams, the coaches showed less preference for the global-functional approach and increasing evidence of the technique approach. Conclusion: Global-functional and situational approaches should be given a prominent position in these teams, especially due to the development of technical-tactical aspects. However, the technical approach was recognized as a central position in U-18 teams, probably related to players' specialization and technical improvement, although it does not offer a rich environment for the development of players' decision making.(AU)